When you’ve just finished cleaning up after a big storm, your chainsaw has likely seen some tough work. For many folks, especially those new to using a chainsaw, knowing exactly What maintenance is required for a chainsaw after storm cleanup? can feel a bit tricky. You want to keep your saw running well, but all the parts can seem confusing.
Don’t worry! We’re going to break it down into simple steps that anyone can follow. After we cover what needs doing now, we’ll look at how to get your saw ready for the next job.
Key Takeaways
- After storm cleanup, your chainsaw needs a good cleaning to remove debris and sap.
- The chain and bar must be inspected for damage and sharpened or replaced if necessary.
- Checking and cleaning the air filter is vital for engine performance and longevity.
- Spark plugs should be inspected and cleaned, or replaced if they show wear.
- The oiler system needs to be checked to ensure it’s properly lubricating the chain and bar.
- Proper storage after cleanup helps prevent rust and further damage.
Cleaning Your Chainsaw After Storms
Storm cleanup often means your chainsaw works through dirt, mud, and sometimes even embedded rocks or sand. This debris can get into all sorts of nooks and crannies, and if you leave it there, it can cause problems down the line. Think of it like leaving mud on your car tires; it’s not great for them.
Cleaning is the first and often most important step to take after a big job. It helps prevent wear and tear and makes it easier to spot any other issues that might have come up during your tough work.
Removing Debris and Sap
When you’re done cutting, take a moment to look over your chainsaw. You’ll likely see sawdust, small twigs, and maybe even some sticky sap from trees. These things can build up and make your saw work harder than it needs to.
For example, sap can gum up moving parts, making them stiff and less efficient. This makes your chainsaw less powerful and can even lead to it overheating.
To get rid of this gunk, you’ll want a few basic tools. A stiff brush is excellent for sweeping away loose sawdust and dirt from the body of the saw and around the engine housing. For tougher spots or sticky sap, a mild cleaner or even some degreaser can be helpful.
Always make sure the saw is off and cool before you start cleaning. You can wipe down the main body of the saw with a damp cloth, but avoid getting too much water into the engine or electrical parts.
- Use a stiff brush to clear away sawdust and loose dirt from the saw’s exterior and around the engine.
- Employ a rag with a mild cleaner to wipe down the saw’s body and handle.
- Pay special attention to the cooling fins on the engine and around the clutch cover.
This brush will help dislodge debris that has caked onto the saw’s housing, bar, and chain guard. It’s important to be thorough, as even small bits of wood can interfere with moving parts or clog cooling fins on the engine.
For more stubborn sap or grime, a shop towel lightly dampened with a general-purpose cleaner or a specific chainsaw cleaner can be effective. Wipe in the direction of the saw’s natural lines to avoid smearing dirt into unwanted areas. Always ensure the cleaner is safe for plastics and metal parts commonly found on chainsaws.
These areas are critical for preventing your chainsaw from overheating. Blocked fins can significantly reduce airflow, causing the engine to run hotter, which can lead to premature wear or even engine damage over time. Gently use a brush or a can of compressed air to clear these out.
Cleaning the Guide Bar and Chain
The guide bar and chain are the heart of your chainsaw, doing all the cutting. After storm cleanup, they are usually covered in wood chips, sap, and sometimes dirt. This is like trying to cut with a dull knife; it’s inefficient and hard work.
A clean bar and chain cut better and last longer. This part of the maintenance is key for safety and performance.
You’ll want to remove the chain and bar from the saw for a really good cleaning. This lets you get into all the grooves where sawdust likes to hide. Use a brush to clean out the bar groove.
This is where the chain moves, and if it’s packed with debris, the chain won’t move smoothly. You should also check the oil holes in the bar to make sure they aren’t blocked. Clogged oil holes mean the chain doesn’t get the oil it needs, leading to extra wear.
For the chain itself, you can use a wire brush to remove any embedded dirt or sap. If there’s a lot of sticky sap, a citrus-based cleaner can help dissolve it. Make sure to dry everything thoroughly after cleaning to prevent rust.
A light coating of bar oil on the chain and bar before storing them can also help protect them from corrosion.
- Remove the guide bar and chain from the chainsaw.
- Clean the bar groove using a bar groove cleaner or a thin, flat tool.
- Ensure the oiler holes in the bar are clear.
- Clean the chain links with a stiff brush and degreaser if needed.
This step allows for thorough cleaning of each component, ensuring that no debris is missed. Most chainsaws have a few bolts that hold the bar and chain cover in place. Once removed, you can access the bar and chain directly for cleaning and inspection.
The groove is where the chain links ride. Sawdust and dirt can pack tightly in here, preventing the chain from moving freely. A specialized bar groove cleaner is ideal, but a thin screwdriver or a piece of stiff metal can also work.
Gently scrape out all debris.
These small holes allow lubricating oil to flow to the chain. If they become clogged, the chain will not be adequately oiled, leading to overheating and increased wear. Use a thin wire or a small pick to gently clear any blockages.
Confirming they are clear ensures proper lubrication during operation.
Sap and dirt can build up on the individual links of the chain, making it less flexible and dulling the cutting teeth. A stiff wire brush works well for removing loose debris. For stubborn sap, a small amount of degreaser applied to a rag and then wiped on the chain can help break it down.
Be sure to wipe the chain dry afterward.
Checking and Sharpening the Chain and Bar
After dealing with storm debris, the chain and bar are likely duller than usual. Cutting through hard or dirty wood really puts a strain on the cutting edges. A dull chain makes your work much harder, is less safe, and puts extra stress on your chainsaw’s engine.
Taking the time to check their condition and sharpen them is a really important part of post-storm maintenance.
Inspect the chain carefully for any signs of damage. Look for bent teeth, nicks, or excessive wear. If you see any of these, it might be time to replace the chain.
If the chain seems intact but just dull, sharpening is the way to go. You’ll need a sharpening file and a guide to get the angles just right. Sharpening involves filing each tooth to a sharp edge.
The guide bar also needs attention. Check for any burrs or nicks along the edges, especially in the groove. You can often smooth these out with a flat file.
If the bar is significantly worn or damaged, it’s best to
Inspecting for Damage
When looking at your chainsaw chain, you’re on the lookout for anything that doesn’t look right. Bent teeth can snag, and worn-out cutters won’t slice through wood cleanly. This not only makes cutting difficult but can also cause the chain to jump off the bar, which is very dangerous.
Also, check the drive links and tie straps for any cracks or excessive wear. These are the parts that hold the chain together.
The guide bar should also be checked for flatness and straightness. Sometimes, hitting dirt or rocks can cause the bar to bend slightly or create sharp edges called burrs. These burrs can damage the chain and make it harder to cut.
You can often feel these with your finger or see them as rough spots on the bar’s edges. A quick visual inspection can save you a lot of trouble later.
- Examine each tooth on the chain for any signs of bending, chipping, or excessive dullness.
- Check the depth gauges (the small bumps in front of the cutters) to ensure they are not worn down too much.
- Inspect the guide bar for any significant nicks, burrs, or wear along the bar rails.
- Ensure the drive links and tie straps of the chain are intact and free from cracks.
Healthy chain teeth have a sharp, angled cutting edge. If you notice any teeth are bent out of shape, have chunks missing, or appear rounded rather than sharp, they need attention. Bent teeth can cause the chain to run unevenly or bind, while chipped or missing teeth reduce cutting efficiency and can weaken the chain.
Depth gauges control how deep the cutting teeth bite into the wood. If they are too high, the chain will cut aggressively, potentially leading to kickback. If they are too low, the chain won’t cut efficiently.
They should be slightly lower than the cutting edge of the tooth.
The rails are the edges that guide the chain. If these are damaged or worn unevenly, the chain will not track properly. Small burrs can often be filed off, but deep gouges or significant wear may indicate that the bar needs replacement.
These are the connecting pieces of the chain. Cracks or excessive wear here mean the chain could break apart during use, which is a serious safety hazard. Visually inspect each link for any signs of stress or damage.
Sharpening Techniques
Sharpening a chainsaw chain involves using a round file of the correct size for your chain, typically matched to the chain’s pitch (e.g., 3/8″ or .325″). You’ll also need a file guide or a sharpening jig to maintain the correct angle. This angle is usually around 25 to 35 degrees, depending on the chain type.
Start with one tooth. Place the file in the guide and file from the inside of the tooth outwards. Use firm, even strokes.
Aim for about three to five strokes per tooth, or until you feel a sharp edge. Repeat this on every tooth on one side of the chain, then move to the other side and sharpen all the teeth on that side. Make sure to file each tooth to match the sharpness of the best-sharpened tooth.
After filing the teeth, you’ll need to check and lower the depth gauges if they are too high. This is done with a flat file and a depth gauge tool. The goal is to have the chain cut efficiently without being too aggressive.
Proper sharpening makes a huge difference in how your saw performs and how safe it is to use.
- Use a round file and a filing guide to restore the sharpness of each cutting tooth.
- File every cutting tooth on one side of the chain, then switch to the other side.
- Use a flat file and a depth gauge tool to adjust the depth gauges if they are too high.
- Repeat the sharpening process until all teeth are sharp and uniformly shaped.
The file size must match your chain’s specifications. The filing guide helps maintain the correct angle, typically between 25 and 35 degrees. File in a smooth, forward motion, away from your body, applying consistent pressure.
Aim to remove metal only from the cutting edge until it feels sharp to the touch.
It’s important to work on all teeth on one side before moving to the opposite side to ensure uniform sharpness. This process helps the chain cut straight and efficiently. Make sure each tooth is sharpened to the same length and angle as its neighbors.
Depth gauges are the small bumps preceding the cutting teeth. They regulate how deep the cutters bite into the wood. If they are too high, the chain can grab and cause kickback.
Use a depth gauge tool to measure and a flat file to lower them slightly below the cutting edge.
The goal is to achieve a consistent sharp edge on all cutting teeth. After filing, the chain should feel significantly sharper. If a tooth is severely damaged, it might need to be replaced rather than sharpened.
Engine and Fuel System Checks
Your chainsaw’s engine is what gives it the power to cut. After a demanding job like storm cleanup, it’s important to make sure the engine is running cleanly and efficiently. Debris can clog up filters, and old fuel can cause starting issues.
Checking these components will help ensure your saw starts easily and runs smoothly for your next task.
The air filter is one of the most critical parts of the engine’s breathing system. If it’s clogged with sawdust and dirt, the engine won’t get enough air, which means it will run poorly and might not have full power. Cleaning or replacing the air filter is a relatively simple job that can make a big difference.
You can often tap out loose debris, but if it’s really clogged, washing it or replacing it is best.
The spark plug is like the engine’s ignition system. It creates the spark that ignites the fuel. Over time, the spark plug can get dirty or worn, leading to starting problems or a rough-running engine.
Inspecting and cleaning the spark plug is another key maintenance step. If it looks worn out or fouled, it’s time for a new one. This ensures reliable ignition every time you pull the starter cord.
Air Filter Inspection and Cleaning
The air filter on a chainsaw is usually found under a cover on top of the engine. Its job is to stop dirt and debris from entering the engine, where it can cause damage. During storm cleanup, it’s common for this filter to get clogged with sawdust, leaves, and other particles.
A dirty air filter restricts airflow, leading to a loss of engine power and increased fuel consumption. In severe cases, it can even cause the engine to stall.
To clean it, first, remove the filter. Most filters can be gently tapped against a hard surface to dislodge loose debris. For more stubborn dirt or sap, you can wash the filter in warm, soapy water.
After washing, rinse it thoroughly and let it air dry completely before reinstalling it. Some filters are not washable and should be replaced if they are very dirty. Always make sure the filter is completely dry before putting it back to avoid damaging the engine.
A clean air filter ensures that the engine receives the proper amount of air it needs for efficient combustion. This means your chainsaw will have more power and run more smoothly. It’s a small maintenance task that has a big impact on performance.
If your filter looks damaged, torn, or permanently clogged, it’s always best to
- Locate and remove the air filter cover and the air filter itself.
- Tap the filter gently to remove loose sawdust and debris.
- If the filter is still dirty, wash it in warm, soapy water and allow it to dry completely.
- Replace the filter if it is torn, damaged, or cannot be cleaned effectively.
The air filter is usually found under a plastic or metal cover on the top or side of the engine housing. It’s typically held in place by clips or a small screw. Carefully remove the cover and then the filter element.
Be gentle to avoid damaging the filter or the surrounding components.
Hold the filter with the dirty side down and tap it against a hard surface. This will shake out much of the accumulated sawdust and small particles. Do this away from the chainsaw itself to prevent the dislodged debris from getting back into the engine.
For filters that are caked with sap or oil, washing is necessary. Use a mild detergent and warm water. Rinse thoroughly.
It is absolutely crucial that the filter is completely dry before reinstallation. A wet filter can cause engine misfires or damage.
Not all filters are designed to be cleaned. If your filter is showing signs of wear, such as tears or holes, or if it remains heavily clogged after cleaning, it’s time for a replacement. A damaged filter will not protect the engine adequately.
Spark Plug Check and Cleaning
The spark plug is a small but vital part of your chainsaw’s engine. It’s responsible for creating the spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture. After a lot of use, the spark plug’s tip can become fouled with carbon deposits or oil, or the gap between the electrodes can widen.
This can lead to problems like hard starting, misfires, or a rough idle.
To check it, you’ll need a spark plug wrench to remove it. Once removed, examine the tip. If it’s covered in black carbon, it needs cleaning.
You can often clean it with a wire brush. Also, check the gap between the electrodes. The correct gap is usually listed in your chainsaw’s manual.
You can measure it with a feeler gauge and adjust it gently if needed. If the plug looks very worn, pitted, or the ceramic insulator is cracked, it’s best to
A clean and properly gapped spark plug ensures that your chainsaw will start reliably and run smoothly. It’s a simple check that can prevent a lot of frustration. Many manufacturers recommend checking or replacing the spark plug annually, but after heavy use like storm cleanup, it’s wise to inspect it sooner.
- Remove the spark plug using a spark plug wrench.
- Inspect the spark plug’s tip for carbon buildup, oil fouling, or wear.
- Clean the spark plug tip with a wire brush if it is fouled.
- Check and adjust the electrode gap using a feeler gauge according to the manufacturer’s specifications.
- Replace the spark plug if it is cracked, heavily worn, or damaged.
Locate the spark plug, usually connected to a wire lead. Use the correct size spark plug socket to carefully unscrew it from the engine cylinder. Be gentle to avoid stripping the threads in the cylinder head.
A healthy spark plug tip will be light brown or grayish. Black, sooty deposits indicate a rich fuel mixture or incomplete combustion. Oily deposits suggest oil is getting into the combustion chamber.
Excessive wear or pitting on the electrodes means the plug needs replacement.
A stiff wire brush can effectively remove carbon deposits from the electrodes and the plug’s ceramic insulator. Ensure all loose debris is removed from the plug after brushing.
The gap between the electrodes allows the spark to jump. This gap needs to be precise for optimal ignition. Consult your chainsaw’s manual for the correct gap measurement and use a feeler gauge to check and gently bend the side electrode if necessary to achieve the correct spacing.
If the ceramic insulator is cracked, or the electrodes are heavily pitted or worn down, the plug will not function reliably. Replacing it with a new, correctly specified spark plug is the best course of action.
Lubrication and Fuel System Maintenance
Proper lubrication is absolutely essential for keeping your chainsaw running smoothly and preventing wear. The chain and bar need a constant supply of oil to reduce friction and heat. After a tough storm cleanup, it’s a good time to make sure this system is working perfectly.
If the oiler isn’t doing its job, your chain and bar can overheat quickly, leading to damage.
You should also think about the fuel system. If you used fuel that sat for a long time, it might have gone bad, causing starting problems. Using fresh fuel and the right mix of oil is always best.
For storm cleanup, you likely used your saw a lot, so checking the fuel tank and the fuel filter are good ideas.
Making sure your chainsaw is properly lubricated and fueled means it will be ready to go when you need it, and you’ll get the most life out of your saw. These steps are often overlooked but are very important for long-term reliability.
Checking the Automatic Oiler
Most modern chainsaws have an automatic oiler that supplies chain oil to the bar and chain as you cut. This oil is crucial for reducing friction and wear. After a demanding cleanup job, it’s vital to check that this system is working correctly.
First, ensure the chain oil reservoir is full. Always use a good quality chain and bar oil; do not use motor oil, as it can gum up the system. When the saw is running, you should see a fine mist of oil being thrown off the chain.
A simple test is to run the saw at a medium speed for a few seconds while holding it over a piece of cardboard or a clean surface. You should see a line of oil appear. If you don’t see oil, there might be a blockage in the oiler line, the oil hole in the bar, or the pump itself might be failing.
A properly functioning oiler is key to preventing premature wear on your chain and bar. If the oiler isn’t working, the friction can cause the chain and bar to overheat very quickly, leading to them becoming unusable. This is why it’s a critical step in post-storm maintenance.
- Fill the chain oil reservoir with fresh, high-quality chain and bar oil.
- Run the engine at a medium speed and observe if oil is being delivered to the chain and bar.
- Check for blockages in the oiler holes on the guide bar.
- If no oil is being delivered, inspect the oiler pump and oil lines for any issues.
Always use oil specifically designed for chainsaw chains. This oil has the right viscosity and clinging properties. Never use used motor oil or other lubricants, as they can clog the oiler system and do not provide adequate lubrication.
A simple test involves revving the engine slightly while holding the tip of the bar over a light-colored surface, like a piece of cardboard. A thin line of oil should be visible. This indicates that the oil pump is working and oil is reaching the bar.
The guide bar has small holes that allow oil to reach the chain. If these become clogged with sawdust or debris, the oil won’t flow. Use a thin wire or a small pick to gently clear out any obstructions in these holes.
If the reservoir is full, the holes are clear, and still no oil is appearing, there might be a problem with the oil pump itself or a blockage in the oil lines leading from the tank to the pump or bar. This might require professional attention.
Fuel Quality and Filter Check
The fuel you use in your chainsaw is very important for its performance and longevity. After a storm, you might have had your chainsaw sitting for a while, or you might have used a mix of fuel that’s not ideal. Stale fuel can cause starting problems and make the engine run poorly.
Always use fresh gasoline. If you are using a pre-mixed fuel, ensure it’s a recent mix. If you mix your own, use the correct ratio of gasoline to two-stroke oil as recommended by your chainsaw’s manufacturer.
Using the wrong ratio can damage the engine. It’s also a good idea to drain any old fuel from the tank if the saw has been sitting for more than a month.
Chainsaws also have a fuel filter, usually located inside the fuel tank. This filter prevents dirt and debris from entering the carburetor. After a lot of use, this filter can become clogged.
You can usually access it by carefully removing the fuel cap and using a hooked tool to pull the filter out. If it looks dirty or damaged, it should be replaced. A clean fuel filter ensures a steady supply of clean fuel to the engine.
- Use only fresh gasoline and the correct ratio of two-stroke oil for your chainsaw.
- Drain old fuel from the tank if the chainsaw has been stored for an extended period.
- Inspect and clean or replace the fuel filter located inside the fuel tank.
Fresh fuel ignites more easily and burns cleaner. Using stale fuel can lead to hard starting and poor engine performance. The oil-to-gas ratio is critical for proper lubrication of the two-stroke engine; refer to your owner’s manual for the exact mixture.
Incorrect ratios can cause engine damage.
Gasoline can degrade over time, forming varnish and gum that can clog fuel lines and the carburetor. If your saw has sat unused for over 30 days, it’s best to drain the tank and run the engine dry to remove all fuel, then refill with fresh fuel before use.
The fuel filter prevents contaminants from reaching the carburetor. It’s often accessible by removing the fuel cap and using a hooked tool. If the filter appears dirty, clogged, or damaged, it should be replaced to ensure a clean fuel supply to the engine.
Storage and Final Checks
Once you’ve gone through all the cleaning and maintenance steps, you’re almost done. The final part is preparing your chainsaw for storage, whether it’s just for a few days or for a longer period. Proper storage helps prevent rust, damage, and ensures your saw is ready to go next time you need it.
This includes a final wipe-down, making sure all parts are dry, and perhaps a light coating of oil on metal parts that might be prone to rust, especially the chain. It’s also smart to store your chainsaw in a dry place, away from extreme temperatures and moisture. A good storage location protects your investment and makes sure your saw is in good shape when you pick it up again.
Before you put it away, give it one last look over. This is your chance to catch anything you might have missed. A well-maintained and properly stored chainsaw is a safe and reliable tool.
Taking these steps after storm cleanup shows you care about your equipment and want it to last.
Preparing for Storage
When you’re ready to put your chainsaw away after a big job, there are a few key things to do to ensure it stays in good condition. First, make sure the entire saw is clean and dry. Any moisture left on the metal parts can lead to rust.
A light coating of oil on the chain and bar can help prevent this.
If you are storing the chainsaw for an extended period (more than a month), it’s a good idea to run the engine dry. This involves draining the fuel tank and then starting the saw and letting it run until it stops from lack of fuel. This empties the carburetor of fuel, preventing gumming and clogging.
Store your chainsaw in a clean, dry environment. Avoid damp basements or sheds where moisture can cause rust. A dedicated tool storage area or a sturdy carrying case is ideal.
Keeping it out of direct sunlight and extreme temperatures will also help preserve its parts.
- Ensure the entire chainsaw is clean and completely dry before storing.
- Apply a light coat of bar oil to the chain and guide bar to prevent rust.
- If storing for more than a month, run the engine dry by draining the fuel tank and running the saw until it stops.
- Store the chainsaw in a dry, protected location, away from extreme temperatures and moisture.
Wipe down the saw with a clean rag to remove any remaining dust or moisture. Pay attention to metal parts, as they are most susceptible to rust. Ensuring it’s dry is a simple yet critical step for preventing corrosion.
After cleaning and drying, a thin layer of bar oil provides a protective barrier against moisture. This is especially important for the chain and the bar’s surfaces, which are constantly exposed to the elements during use.
This process removes fuel from the carburetor and fuel lines, preventing the fuel from degrading and forming deposits that can clog these vital components. Refill with fresh fuel when you next use the saw.
A clean, climate-controlled space is best. Avoid areas prone to dampness or direct sunlight. Using a chainsaw case or covering it can add an extra layer of protection.
Final Visual Inspection
Before you place your chainsaw into storage, take a final, thorough look at it. This is your last chance to spot any potential issues you might have overlooked. Think of it as a quick double-check to make sure everything is in order.
Look at the chain for any dull spots you might have missed during sharpening. Check the bar for any remaining burrs or damage. Make sure the nuts holding the bar are tight.
Inspect the handles and the housing for any cracks or loose parts. A quick visual check can save you trouble later and confirm that your maintenance efforts were successful. It’s about ensuring your tool is in the best possible condition for its next use.
- Visually inspect the chain for any dull spots or imperfections missed during sharpening.
- Confirm the guide bar is clean, free of burrs, and that the bar nuts are securely tightened.
- Check the handles, engine housing, and other external parts for any cracks, loose screws, or damage.
A final glance can sometimes reveal a tooth that wasn’t quite sharp enough or an area that needs a touch-up. Ensuring all teeth are uniformly sharp is key to efficient cutting.
A secure bar and a smooth guide bar surface are essential for safety and proper chain movement. Overtightening can damage the bar, while loose nuts can lead to dangerous chain derailment.
Ensure all parts are intact and secure. Any cracks or loose components should be addressed before storage or the next use to prevent further damage or safety risks.
Frequently Asked Questions
Question: How often should I clean my chainsaw after storm cleanup?
Answer: It’s best to give your chainsaw a good cleaning as soon as possible after a storm cleanup job. This removes sap, dirt, and debris before they can harden and cause problems.
Question: Do I need to sharpen my chainsaw chain after every use?
Answer: While sharpening after every major use, especially after cutting through tough or dirty wood, is recommended, you should at least inspect the chain for dullness and damage. Sharpening when needed keeps your saw cutting efficiently and safely.
Question: What kind of oil should I use for my chainsaw’s chain?
Answer: You should always use a dedicated chain and bar oil. These oils are designed to stick to the chain and provide proper lubrication. Do not use regular motor oil, as it can clog the oiler system.
Question: My chainsaw is hard to start after the storm cleanup. What could be the problem?
Answer: Hard starting could be due to a clogged air filter, a fouled spark plug, stale fuel, or issues with the carburetor. Checking these components, as outlined in the maintenance steps, is a good first step.
Question: Is it okay to store my chainsaw with fuel in the tank?
Answer: If you plan to store your chainsaw for more than a month, it’s best to drain the fuel tank and run the engine dry. This prevents fuel from degrading and potentially clogging the carburetor.
Summary
Taking care of your chainsaw after storm cleanup is vital. Clean it thoroughly, check the chain and bar for wear and sharpness, and inspect the engine’s air filter and spark plug. Make sure the oiler is working and use fresh fuel.
Proper storage keeps your tool ready for action. Following these steps ensures your chainsaw remains a reliable and safe tool for any job ahead.